Landscape of Republic of Chad
Flag of Republic of Chad

Republic of Chad

Africa

The Republic of Chad is a landlocked country located in Central Africa. With an estimated population of over 16 million people, Chad is one of the most diverse countries in Africa, with more than 200 ethnic groups speaking over 100 languages. The country has a predominantly agricultural economy cotton being the primary cash crop, although it is also rich in mineral resources, including oil, uranium, and gold. They also have significant oil reserves.

What would you like to learn about in Republic of Chad?

Select a section to explore the country where nonprofits are creating positive change.

About Republic of Chad

Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, endured three decades of civil warfare, as well as invasions by Libya, before a semblance of peace was finally restored in 1990. The government eventually drafted a democratic constitution and held flawed presidential elections in 1996 and 2001. In 1998, a rebellion broke out in northern Chad, which has sporadically flared up despite several peace agreements between the government and the insurgents. In 2005, new rebel groups emerged in western Sudan and made probing attacks into eastern Chad despite signing peace agreements in December 2006 and October 2007. In June 2005, President Idriss DEBY held a referendum successfully removing constitutional term limits and won another controversial election in 2006. Sporadic rebel campaigns continued throughout 2006 and 2007. The capital experienced a significant insurrection in early 2008, but has had no significant rebel threats since then, in part due to Chad's 2010 rapprochement with Sudan, which previously used Chadian rebels as proxies. DEBY in 2011 was reelected to his fourth term in an election that international observers described as proceeding without incident. Power remains in the hands of an ethnic minority.

Quick Facts

Population
11,193,452 (July 2013 est.)
Area
1.284 million sq km
ISO Code
TD
Continent
Africa
Government
republic
Active Causes
12
View all countries in Africa

More in Africa

Flag of Algeria Algeria Flag of Angola Angola Flag of Benin Benin Flag of Botswana Botswana Flag of British Indian Ocean Territory British Indian Ocean Territory Flag of Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Flag of Burundi Burundi Flag of Cabo Verde Cabo Verde

Geography & Environment

Climate

tropical in south, desert in north

Terrain

broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south

Natural Resources

petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad), gold, limestone, sand and gravel, salt

Environmental Issues

inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification

People & Society

49.07 years
Avg. Life Expectancy
35.4%
Literacy Rate
21.8% of total population (2011)
Total Urban Population

Languages

French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more than 120 different languages and dialects

Religions

Muslim 53.1%, Catholic 20.1%, Protestant 14.2%, animist 7.3%, other 0.5%, unknown 1.7%, atheist 3.1% (1993 census)

Health Expenditure

4.5% of GDP (2010) of GDP

Education Expenditure

2.9% of GDP (2011) of GDP

Economy

$2,000
GDP per Capita (PPP)
NA%
Unemployment Rate
80% (2001 est.)
Below Poverty Line

Economic Overview

Chad's primarily agricultural economy will continue to be boosted by major foreign direct investment projects in the oil sector that began in 2000. Economic conditions have been positive in recent years, with real GDP growth reaching 13% in 2010 because of high international prices for oil and a strong local harvest. GDP growth for 2012 was 5%. However, Chad's investment climate remains challenging due to limited infrastructure, a lack of trained workers, extensive government bureaucracy, and corruption. At least 80% of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock raising for...

Causes in Republic of Chad

Environment

The Republic of Chad, located in central Africa, faces numerous environmental challenges that significantly impact its population and economy. One of the most pressing issues is climate change, leading to increased instances of droughts and desertification, which threaten food security and exacerbate poverty levels. Deforestation, largely driven by unsustainable agricultural practices and fuelwood consumption, contributes to soil erosion and loss of biodiversity. Moreover, water scarcity is a critical concern as Chad heavily relies on its scarce water resources for agriculture, livestock rearing, and human consumption. These environmental factors not only directly affect the livelihoods of Chadians but also perpetuate social and political instability in the region. Addressing these environmental challenges requires sustainable land management practices, afforestation initiatives, and improved water resource management strategies. By raising awareness about these issues and promoting eco-friendly policies, we can work towards safeguarding the environment and ensuring a more sustainable future for the people of Chad.

Family

The Republic of Chad, located in Central Africa, is a country deeply influenced by the institution of family. In Chad, family plays a central role in the social structure and is highly valued as the cornerstone of society. Families in Chad are typically large and extended, with multiple generations often living together under one roof. The concept of family extends beyond just blood relations to include close friends and neighbors, creating a strong sense of community and support. Family members rely on each other for emotional, financial, and practical assistance, especially in times of need or crisis. The interdependence within families in Chad fosters solidarity and unity, contributing to the overall well-being of individuals and communities. However, challenges such as poverty, limited access to education and healthcare, and cultural norms can also impact families in Chad, highlighting the importance of addressing these issues to strengthen family units and promote social development.

Human Rights

The Republic of Chad, situated in Central Africa, grapples with significant human rights challenges that profoundly impact its population. This landlocked country faces issues such as political repression, lack of freedom of expression, gender inequality, and widespread poverty, all of which have a direct bearing on the human rights situation within its borders. The government's restrictions on civil liberties and political opposition have led to instances of arbitrary arrests and detentions, highlighting the need for greater protection of basic human rights in Chad. Furthermore, women and girls often face discrimination and violence, underscoring the urgency for gender equality reforms to safeguard their rights. Addressing these human rights concerns is crucial for fostering a more inclusive and just society in Chad.

Education

The Republic of Chad, located in Central Africa, faces numerous challenges in the education sector that significantly impact its population. With a literacy rate of just 22.3%, education remains a critical issue in Chad. Factors such as poverty, lack of infrastructure, and ongoing conflict have all contributed to low school enrollment rates and limited access to quality education. The quality of education is also a concern, with many schools lacking well-trained teachers and adequate resources. The impact of these challenges is profound, leading to a lack of opportunities for individuals to break the cycle of poverty and contribute to the country's development. Addressing these issues and investing in education is crucial for Chad to improve livelihoods, foster economic growth, and build a more prosperous future for its citizens.

Poverty

The Republic of Chad, situated in central Africa, is one of the world's least developed countries. Poverty in Chad has a profound impact on its population, with more than 40% of its people living below the poverty line. This dire economic situation is exacerbated by factors such as political instability, frequent droughts, and limited access to basic services like healthcare and education. The lack of infrastructure and investment hinders economic growth and perpetuates the cycle of poverty in the country. As a result, many Chadians struggle to meet their basic needs, leading to high levels of malnutrition, disease, and infant mortality rates. Addressing poverty in Chad requires a comprehensive approach that includes investing in education, healthcare, infrastructure, and sustainable development initiatives.

Religion

The Republic of Chad, located in Central Africa, is a country with a rich cultural and religious landscape. Religion plays a significant role in the lives of Chadians, with Islam being the predominant faith followed by approximately 55% of the population, while Christianity is also practiced by around 40%, and indigenous beliefs are observed by a small percentage. The influence of religion can be seen in various aspects of Chadian society, including social norms, family structures, and political dynamics. Religious leaders often hold sway over their followers and can influence decision-making at both the individual and community levels. Furthermore, religious differences have at times led to tensions and conflicts within the country, highlighting the complex interplay between faith and societal cohesion in Chad.

Clean Water

The Republic of Chad, a landlocked country located in Central Africa, faces significant challenges related to clean water access. With the majority of its population living in rural areas, limited infrastructure and resources have led to widespread water scarcity and contamination issues. Lack of access to clean water sources has severe consequences on public health, leading to high rates of waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever. Furthermore, the burden of water collection falls mainly on women and children, impacting their ability to pursue education and economic opportunities. Addressing the clean water crisis in Chad is crucial for improving public health outcomes and promoting sustainable development in the region.

Economy

The Republic of Chad, located in Central Africa, faces significant economic challenges that profoundly impact its population. Chad's economy is heavily dependent on oil production, with oil accounting for the majority of its export revenue. However, fluctuations in global oil prices have caused economic instability and hindered the country's development efforts. The reliance on oil has also left Chad vulnerable to external shocks, such as the recent downturn in global oil markets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This economic volatility has exacerbated poverty levels and limited access to essential services like healthcare and education for many Chadians. Additionally, factors such as corruption, poor infrastructure, and a lack of economic diversification further compound the country's economic struggles. Addressing these systemic issues is crucial to improving the living conditions and opportunities for the people of Chad.

Government

The Republic of Chad, a landlocked country in central Africa, faces a myriad of challenges that are significantly influenced by its government. Chad has grappled with political instability, corruption, human rights violations, and economic hardships, all of which have had profound impacts on its population. The government's failure to effectively address these issues has led to widespread poverty, limited access to basic services such as healthcare and education, and ongoing conflicts within the country. Additionally, Chad is also vulnerable to environmental degradation and climate change, further exacerbating the challenges faced by its people. It is imperative for the government of Chad to prioritize good governance, transparency, and accountability in order to improve the overall well-being of its citizens and foster sustainable development.

Health

The Republic of Chad, located in central Africa, faces significant health challenges that have a profound impact on its population. The country grapples with high rates of infectious diseases such as malaria, cholera, and tuberculosis, as well as malnutrition and limited access to healthcare services. The healthcare infrastructure in Chad is inadequate, with a shortage of medical facilities, healthcare professionals, and essential medical supplies. These factors contribute to a high maternal and child mortality rate in the country. Additionally, ongoing conflicts and political instability further exacerbate the health crisis in Chad, hindering efforts to address and combat these pressing issues. It is imperative for the international community to support initiatives aimed at improving healthcare access and infrastructure in Chad to alleviate the suffering of its people and promote better health outcomes.

Children

In the Republic of Chad, children face numerous challenges that significantly impact their well-being and development. High rates of poverty, limited access to education, insufficient healthcare services, and ongoing conflicts have created a harsh environment for the country's youth. The prevalence of child labor, child marriage, and malnutrition further exacerbate the situation, denying many children the opportunity to thrive and reach their full potential. It is crucial to address these issues through targeted interventions that prioritize children's rights and well-being, providing them with the support and resources they need to lead healthy and fulfilling lives.

Animals

The Republic of Chad, a landlocked country located in central Africa, is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including elephants, lions, and giraffes. Animals play a crucial role in the ecosystem of Chad, contributing to the country's biodiversity and natural heritage. However, the impact of human activities such as deforestation, poaching, and climate change has put significant pressure on Chad's wildlife population. The loss of habitat due to deforestation has led to a decline in the number of animals in the country, while poaching continues to threaten endangered species. Climate change has also exacerbated challenges for wildlife in Chad by altering their habitats and food sources. It is essential for conservation efforts to be implemented to protect Chad's rich biodiversity and ensure the survival of its animal species for future generations.

Nonprofits Working in Republic of Chad

Discover organizations making a difference in Republic of Chad

KENDALL OPTOMETRY MINISTRY INC

ORGANIZATIONAL MISSION STATEMENT With primary emphasis in underdeveloped countries, Kendall Optometry Ministry, Inc. was established in 2003 to spread the Word of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. This is accomplished by providing glasses to improve the vision of people living in many underdeveloped countries. These impoverished people can now see to read their Bible, and also improve their standard of living. Kendall Optometry Ministry, Inc (KOM) is a 501-3c non-profit organization formed to provide optical equipment and training to Christian optical mission teams traveling all over the world. The equipment and training is provided at no cost and supplies are provided at a break even price. Teams are responsible for building their own eyeglasses inventory but much assistance (in the form of training and software) is provided by KOM to assist in the building of this inventory. KOM also has a limited supply of barcoded glasses (prescription in barcode) which can be used to quickly build an inventory. A testimonial by the President. (Revised: 9/8/2018) I grew up in a Christian family. My father, M. H. Kendall , was a college professor and head of the religion department at Mars Hill College, Mars Hill, N.C. for nearly 40 years. I worked for 29 years for General Electric Appliances in Louisville, Ky. During the last 4 years I averaged several hundred thousand miles each year on international travel installing computer systems. All of this travel went flawlessly. God blessed me in everything that I did. It was something that I found to be obvious that God had a hand in my work. In July, 1999 I decided I would take one mission trip to Honduras working through an organization called "Baptist Medical Dental Mission International" (BMDMI.ORG). My intent was to "pay back the Lord" with this one mission trip. When I arrived in the village, I asked the team leader what he wanted me to do. He said he had several boxes of used prescription glasses to hand out. These glasses were dirty, broken, and not measured. As you can see in Figure 1 to the left (scroll down a bit), we just set them out on a table and people came by and tried them on until something helped them. I immediately knew this was wrong but it was the best we could do then. I came back from that trip with a God Given passion to do it better. Since 1999 I have gone to Honduras 27 times and Nicaragua 3 times. Each time something would be improved. The use of the autorefractor was introduced into Honduras in 2003 (to see Figure 2 scroll down a bit) and another one into Nicaragua in 2004. A special series of computer programs were developed to manage and build the inventory. You can review these programs at http://eyeglasses-Inventory.com/. Since 2003 of the 51 BMDMI mission teams more than 95% of these teams use the equipment and software developed by Kendall Optometry Ministry, Inc. In 2003 Kendall Optometry Ministry was incorporated as a 501-3c non-profit company. Using donations provided by several churches and individuals this company purchased a set of equipment which could be loaned out to Christian mission teams going all over the world. Later in 2005 a 2nd kit was purchased and in 2006 a 3rd and a 4th kit was purchased. In the beginning of 2007 a 5th kit was purchased. At the end of 2007 a 6th and 7th kit including a Retinomax 3 was purchased. By the end of 2009 the company owned 10 kits. In 2010 the company purchased two more kits. In 2011 the company purchased 1 more kit bringing the total to 13. By 2017 the company had purchased 18 kits. In 2018 KOM purchased kit number 19. See the growth of the company at this link. 2018 is only part of the year on this graph. Other teams will participate. The teams use this equipment to not only allow people to read their Bible but to also to help them improve their standard of living. You can read about some of these teams in the Teams Supported area of this web site. Tell us about your Christian mission team. Let us help you be more effective in your work for the Lord. If you would like our help send an E-Mail to: HollandKendall@kendalloptoministry.org Holland Kendall, President Kendall Optometry Ministry, Inc.

LOUISVILLE, Kentucky

Make Your Impact Today

Discover causes you care about and support the nonprofits making a difference in communities around the world.

Discover Causes Explore Countries

Are you a nonprofit? Join Project World Impact for free

Join Us Free